The short answer
The insurer’s adjuster (a staff or independent adjuster) inspects for the insurer and writes an estimate. A public adjuster is the only type that works for the policyholder. Several state laws spell out the three types in a required disclosure.
Three kinds of adjusters
North Carolina and Nebraska law require a public adjuster to give you a written disclosure, before you sign, that describes the three types of adjusters who could be involved in a claim. In short:
| Adjuster type |
Who they work for |
Who pays them |
| Company (staff) adjuster |
The insurance company |
The insurance company; no fee to you |
| Independent adjuster |
The insurance company, hired on contract |
The insurance company; no fee to you |
Public adjuster Best for most policyholders |
You, the policyholder |
You, under a written contract |
Sources: N.C. Gen. Stat. 58-33A-65 (contracts and disclosures); Neb. Rev. Stat. 44-9214 (contracts and disclosures). More detail: public adjuster vs. insurance adjuster.
Before the visit
- Have your photos, inventory and weather records ready. Documentation checklist
- If you have a contractor’s or roofer’s opinion, ask them to attend.
- Make a list of every damaged area so nothing gets skipped.
During the visit
Be there if you can, and walk the property with the adjuster. The Texas Department of Insurance suggests doing exactly this so nothing is missed, and notes you may want your contractor there to discuss estimates or technical details. Take your own photos of anything the adjuster measures or tests.
After the visit
- Ask for the estimate and the adjuster’s photos in writing.
- Ask how depreciation was calculated and what the next payment steps are.
- Compare the estimate line by line with your contractor’s. If the estimate looks low
Commercial property
Large losses may involve engineers, roof cores or moisture surveys across several buildings. Ask who each person works for and request copies of their reports.
Your home
Common questions are repair versus replace, and whether new materials will match what’s left. Ask the adjuster to explain both in the estimate.
Sources
Last checked: October 28, 2026. This is general information, not legal advice.